Without anesthesiologists, surgery would be impossible in most cases. Anesthesiologists are doctors who administer the drugs or gases that prevent patients from feeling any pain or sensation during surgery. But that’s not all that these specialists do. They are responsible for the well-being of the patient before, during, and after surgery.
Prior to surgery, anesthesiologists assess the patient’s medical history, examine the patient if necessary, and decide what anesthetic should be used. Decisions about the type of anesthetic are based on the type of surgery, other medications being taken, and the patient’s health.
Before the operation, anesthesiologists explain to the patient what to expect before, during, and after surgery. They monitor the patient’s blood pressure and heart rate, then administer the anesthetic, which may be general or regional. General anesthesia makes a patient unconscious. Regional anesthetic affects only a particular area, such as the leg or the arm. Anesthesiologists may also insert the intravenous line (IV) to administer additional fluids such as special sugar and salt solutions.
During surgery, anesthesiologists use mechanical monitors to observe changes in the patient’s vital signs, such as heart rate, breathing, and blood pressure. They also observe the patient, adjusting the anesthesia as required to make sure the patient does not wake up during surgery. If necessary, they respond to any emergencies or unexpected developments that take place during surgery. In short, anesthesiologists are responsible for the patient’s welfare during the operation, so that the surgeon is free to concentrate on the actual procedure.
After surgery, anesthesiologists ensure that the patient wakes up from the anesthesia safely and remains comfortable. This includes prescribing pain-relieving medication in the period following surgery, if necessary.
Like other doctors, anesthesiologists may choose to focus on a subspecialty or a particular field of anesthesia care, such as obstetric or cardiovascular anesthesia. Some anesthesiologists develop an expertise in the use of anesthetics to treat patients with chronic or ongoing pain. These anesthesiologists work in pain management centres in hospitals or in specialty clinics. In this role, anesthesiologists may administer regional and local anesthetic and prescribe pain relieving medication. Often, these anesthesiologists work as part of a team with other professionals, such as physiotherapists and psychologists, to find ways of lessening pain.
NOC Code: 3111